The framework of each discipline
Kung-fu commonly refers to a very broad set of Chinese arts, and not a single style. Some schools develop forms, weapons and work with partners; others focus on sports practices. The Shotokan has a more identifiable organization and directory.
What comparison teaches
Ask what system is taught and how the actual work is done. Historical exchanges with China are part of the Okinawa context; they do not mean that all techniques from Chinese schools and Shotokan are the same. No style guarantees success in all situations. A useful comparison looks at the same exercise, comparable level and explicit instructions. The club, the teacher and the regularity of the practice count as much as the etiquette of the discipline.
Name the system before comparing
The term kung fu can accompany schools whose forms, objectives and exercises differ greatly. A comparison with Shotokan begins with the name of the system actually taught. Then ask how individual work, partner work and any weapons are distributed. The shape of a movement or a low posture is not enough to identify its function. Historical exchanges between Okinawa and China provide context, but do not make all schools equivalent. A weapons demonstration, a fitness course and combat sports practice answer different questions.
Read a shape in its own program
A Chinese form can be used to work on coordination, strength, breathing, applications or handling of a weapon depending on the school. Ask how it relates to the partner. Comparing its appearance to that of a kata Shotokan provides little information if the objectives remain unknown. Identify a concrete exercise, its success criterion and its progression. The diversity of schools requires a precise description of the course attempted. It also allows us to discover methods without reducing an entire tradition to a spectacular demonstration.